The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has achieved another leap in its quest for self-reliance in space, successfully launching the heaviest communication satellite ever lifted from Indian soil using its formidable heavy-lift rocket, the Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM3). Affectionately nicknamed ‘Bahubali’ for its sheer power, the LVM3-M5 mission placed the critical 4,410 kg CMS-03 spacecraft into a precise Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) on Sunday, November 2, 2025, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre.

Water pollution

Kannur

Researchers have developed a Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HMPI) for the groundwater in Kannur, Kerala, and created a spatial map of groundwater using GIS data.

Lucknow

New research shines light on the critical pressures endangering static water bodies as cities sprawl outwards.

Mumbai

The low-cost sensor made of a copper-based metal-organic framework performs as well as DNA based sensor, the gold standard for water quality sensors.

Mumbai

The device uses a protein based biosensor to detect harmful pollutants like phenol and benzene from water samples

Bengaluru

Silver nanoparticles are nanoparticles of silver whose size varies from 1 nm to 100 nm. They are commonly used in the manufacture of about 200 consumer products, including clothing and cosmetics. While their antibacterial properties are hailed, reckless dumping of these nanoparticles is reported to pollute water and soil due to formation of toxins like silver sulfide.

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